Today in History – October 27th
- 312, Constantine the Great is said to have received his famous Vision of the Cross.
- 710, Saracen invasion of Sardinia.
- 939, Edmund I succeeds Athelstan as King of England.
- 1275, Traditional founding of the city of Amsterdam.
- 1524, Italian Wars: The French troops lay siege to Pavia.
- 1553, Condemned as a heretic, Michael Servetus is burned at the stake just outside Geneva.
- 1644, Second Battle of Newbury in the English Civil War.
- 1682, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is founded.
- 1728, James Cook, British naval captain and explorer (d. 1779) was born.
- 1795, The US and Spain sign the Treaty of Madrid, which establishes the boundaries between Spanish colonies and the US
- 1806, The French Army enters Berlin.
- 1810, US annexes the former Spanish colony of West Florida.
- 1811, Isaac Singer, American inventor (d. 1875) was born.
- 1827, Bellini’s third opera Il pirata is premiered at Teatro alla Scala di Milano
- 1838, Missouri governor Lilburn Boggs issues Extermination Order, which orders all Mormons to leave the state or be exterminated.
- 1858, Theodore Roosevelt, American politician, 33rd Governor of NY, 25th US VP, 26th US President (d. 1919) was born.
- 1904, 1st underground New York City Subway line opens; the system becomes the biggest in US, and one of the biggest in world.
- 1922, A referendum in Rhodesia rejects the country’s annexation to the South African Union.
- 1923, Roy Lichtenstein, American artist (d. 1997) was born.
- 1924, The Uzbek SSR is founded in the Soviet Union.
- 1925, Warren Christopher, American diplomat and 63rd United States Secretary of State (d. 2011) was born.
- 1932, Sylvia Plath, American poet (d. 1963) was born.
- 1936, Mrs Wallis Simpson files for divorce which would eventually allow her to marry King Edward VIII of the UK.
- 1940, John Gotti, American crime boss (d. 2002) was born.
- 1944, WWII: German forces capture Banska Bystrica during Slovak National Uprising thus bringing it to an end.
- 1953, British nuclear test Totem 2 is carried out at Emu Field, South Australia.
- 1954, Benjamin O. Davis Jr. becomes 1st African-American general in the US Air Force.
- 1961, Mauritania and Mongolia join the United Nations.
- 1961, NASA launches 1st Saturn I rocket in Mission Saturn-Apollo 1.
- 1962, A plane carrying Enrico Mattei, post-war Italian administrator, crashes in mysterious circumstances.
- 1967, Catholic priest Philip Berrigan and others of Baltimore 4 protest Vietnam War by pouring blood on Selective Service records.
- 1971, The Democratic Republic of the Congo is renamed Zaire.
- 1988, Ronald Reagan decides to tear down new US Embassy in Moscow because of Soviet listening devices in the building structure.
- 1995, Former Prime Minister of Italy Bettino Craxi is convicted in absentia of corruption.
- 2003, Rod Roddy, American television announcer (b. 1937) died.
- 2004, Boston Red Sox complete 4-game sweep of World Series against St. Louis Cardinals, 1st World Series championship since 1918.







